Letter |
Transliteration |
|
Arabic Pronunciation |
IPA |
|
Persian Difference |
IPA |
ب |
b |
|
as in but and cab |
b |
|
|
|
ت |
t |
|
as in tie, cat and stop |
t |
|
|
|
ث |
th |
|
as in thing |
θ |
|
as in sea and pass |
s |
ج |
j |
|
as in joy and giant |
d͡ʒ |
|
|
|
ح |
ḥ |
|
no equivalent (heavier and higher than h) |
ħ |
|
as in high and ahead |
h |
خ |
kh |
|
as in Scottish pronunciation of loch |
x |
|
|
|
د |
d |
|
as in had and do |
d |
|
|
|
ذ |
dh |
|
as in this, breathe and father |
ð |
|
as in zoo |
z |
ر |
r |
|
rolled r, closest equivalent as in rule |
r |
|
|
|
ز |
z |
|
as in zoo |
z |
|
|
|
س |
s |
|
as in see, city and mass |
s |
|
|
|
ش |
sh |
|
as in she, sure and emotion |
ʃ |
|
|
|
ص |
ṣ |
|
as in massage |
sˤ |
|
as in city and see |
s |
ض |
ḍ |
|
as in dark |
dˤ |
|
as in zoo |
z |
ط |
ṭ |
|
as in star |
tˤ |
|
as in tick or talk |
t |
ظ |
ẓ |
|
as in bazaar |
ðˤ |
|
as in zoo |
z |
ع |
` |
|
no equivalent (voiced pharyngeal fricative) |
ʕ |
|
Glottal stop, as between uh- |
ʔ |
غ |
gh |
|
no equivalent |
ɣ |
|
|
ɣ or G |
ف |
f |
|
as in fill |
f |
|
|
|
ق |
q |
|
llike k but from further back in the mouth |
q |
|
|
G or ɣ |
ك |
k |
|
as in sky, crack and kiss |
k |
|
written in Persian as ک |
|
ل |
l |
|
as in feel, lie and sly |
l |
|
|
|
م |
m |
|
as in him and smile |
m |
|
|
|
ن |
n |
|
as in nigh, month and can |
n |
|
|
|
ه |
h |
|
as in high and ahead |
h |
|
|
|
و |
v |
|
as in weep, wye and swine |
w |
|
as in valve, vie and have |
v |
ي |
y |
|
as in you and yes |
j |
|
|
|
پ |
p |
|
|
|
|
as in pie, spy and cap |
p |
چ |
ch |
|
|
|
|
as in china and catch |
tʃ |
ژ |
zh |
|
|
|
|
as in closure and equation |
ʒ |
گ |
g |
|
|
|
|
as in rag and get |
ɡ |
Letter |
Transliteration |
|
Pronunciation |
IPA |
|
a |
|
as in account, quiet and focus |
ə |
ا |
á |
|
as in arm, father and palm |
ɑː |
|
u |
|
as in short and thought |
ɔː |
و |
ú |
|
as in moon, do and chew |
uː |
|
i |
|
as in best, fell and men |
ɛ |
ي |
í |
|
as in meet, sea and seed |
iː |
|
aw |
|
as in mown, foal and bone |
oʊ |